Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a measure of kidney function, calculated using creatinine and patient charateristics: age, sex and ethnicity.

An EMU is an Evening Medical Update, organised by RCPE.

Upcoming EMUs

EMUs on the Education Portal

Ears, nose and throat (ENT), formally otorhinolaryngology, is a surgical specialty.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can be used to help diagnose conditions of the liver, bile ducts, pancreas or gallbladder, although non-invasive magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic ultrasound are preferred, unless there is therapeutic intent.

Through the endoscope, the inside of the stomach and duodenum can be visualised. Contrast (dye) can be injected into the ducts in the biliary tree and pancreas so they can be assessed using X-rays. Biopsies can also be taken.

Stents can be inserted during ERCP to relieve ductal blockage.

End-stage kidney disease, also called End-stage renal disease (ESRD), is the last stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific measure of inflammation.

There is no statutory definition of fair dealing and, in a court of law, use would be judged on a case-by-case basis.

‘Fair dealing’ includes the use of works for illustration for instruction and quotation. Works made available to the public can be used for criticism and review.

In essence, ‘fair dealing’ means use is limited to only the minimum necessary amount of content for its purpose (reasonable and appropriate to the context) and use does not negatively impact on the market for the original works. Copying should not harm the copyright holder, financially or otherwise.

Further reading from The University of Manchester Library

The Full Blood Count (FBC, also termed Complete Blood Count, CBC) provides information on the cellular contents of the blood: red blood cells, white blood cells (e.g. WBC) and platelets.

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is made from the liquid portion of whole blood. 

FFP is used to replace low blood clotting factors or low levels of other blood proteins, and can be used to treat TTP.

The Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT), also termed Quantitative Faecal Immunochemical Test (qFIT), is used in bowel cancer screening.

qFIT uses antibodies that specifically recognise human haemoglobin and is therefore more sensitive and specific than the older guaiac-based FOB test.

Macmillan Cancer Support - FOB test and FIT test