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ME/CFSMyalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome is a long-term condition that causes extreme tiredness among other symptoms. There is continuing interest in the connection between ME/CFS and Long COVID. | ||
MHRAThe Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) is responsible for protecting and promoting public health and patient safety by ensuring that medicines, medical devices and blood components for transfusion meet appropriate standards of safety, quality and efficacy. | ||
MIMyocardial infarction (MI, commonly termed heart attack) describes necrosis (death) of myocardial tissue (heart muscle) due to ischaemia (an inadequate supply of blood to the affected tissue) - typically due to sudden blockage by a blood clot. CHD is a leading cause of MI. | ||
MMSEThe Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), not to be confused with the MSE, measures cognitive impairment and is used to assess severity and progression of cognitive impairment. The MMSE can be used to help diagnose and monitor dementia. It takes 5-10 minutes to administer. The MMSE tests a number of mental abilities, including memory, attention and language. | ||
MNDMotor neurone disease (MND) is a group of rare neurodegenerative conditions that progressively damage the motor neurones. Messages from the motor neurones gradually stop reaching voluntary muscles, leading to muscle weakness and wasting. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of MND. MND is life-limiting and there is no cure. | ||
MODYMaturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare genetic form of diabetes caused by a mutation in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production. MODY is also known as monogenic diabetes. There are many forms of MODY, depending on the gene affected. MODY affects around 1-2% of people with diabetes. The charity Diabetes UK lists the key features of MODY as: being diagnosed with diabetes under the age of 25; having a parent with diabetes, with diabetes in two or more generations; not necessarily needing insulin. | ||
MRCP(UK)Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP(UK)) | ||
MRIMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging modality, particularly useful for soft tissues, which does not involve ionising radiation. | ||
MSMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease: the insulating cover of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord (myelin) is attacked by the body's immune system. There are three main types of MS:
Signs/symptoms are unpredictable, but can include fatigue, optic neuritis and other visual disturbance, weakness of limbs, pain, bowel and bladder problems, and sexual problems. | ||
MSEThe Mental State Examination (MSE) is used to assess a patient's emotions, thoughts, and behaviour. Present mental state informs differential diagnosis and can allow risk assessment. | ||
MSUMid-stream specimen of urine | ||
MTI / IMTFThe Medical Training Initiative (MTI) and International Medical Training Fellowship Programme (IMTF) are ran by the College and allow international (non-EU) junior and middle-grade doctors to train and work in the UK for up to two years, whilst enabling NHS Boards and Trusts to fill rota gaps with high quality staff. | ||
MUPMinimum unit pricing (MUP) is a policy aimed at improving public health by reducing alcohol consumption and thus alcohol-related harm, disease and death. SHAAP champions MUP in Scotland (introduced in May 2018). | ||